Alexander Calder (; July 22, 1898 – November 11, 1976) was an American sculptor known both for his advocate mobiles (kinetic sculptures powered by motors or air currents) that hug chance in their aesthetic, and static “stabiles” monumental public sculptures. He didn’t limit his art to sculptures; he along with created paintings, jewelry, theatre sets and costumes.
Calder preferred not to analyze his work, saying, “Theories may be anything very competently for the player himself, but they shouldn’t be promote to supplementary people.”
Born into a relatives of artists, Calder’s take steps first gained attention in Paris in the 1920s and was soon championed by the Museum of Modern Art in New York, resulting in a retrospective exhibition in 1943. Major retrospectives were afterward held at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (1964) and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago (1974).
Calder’s action is in many steadfast collections, including the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Guggenheim Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., and the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. He produced many large public works, including .125 (at JFK Airport, 1957), Pittsburgh (Carnegie International prize winner 1958, Pittsburgh International Airport) Spirale (UNESCO in Paris, 1958), Flamingo and Universe (both in Chicago, 1974), and Mountains and Clouds (Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C., 1996).
Although primarily known for his sculpture, Calder with created paintings and prints, miniatures (such as his famous Cirque Calder), theater set design, jewelry design, tapestries and rugs, and political posters. He was privileged by the US Postal Service behind a set of five 32-cent stamps in 1998, and normal the Presidential Medal of Freedom, posthumously in 1977, after refusing to get it from Gerald Ford one year earlier in commotion of the Vietnam War.
An important Calder play in is the monumental “Floating Clouds” (1952–1953) of the Aula Magna (Central University of Venezuela) of the University City of Caracas in Venezuela. This performance is a Unesco World Heritage Site. Calder’s clouds were specially expected to enhance art and technology, making the sports ground one of the top 5 the academy auditoriums in the world by sound quality.
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